Adopted at the First Session of the Seventh National People's Congress and promulgated for implementation by the Announcement of the National People’s Congress on April 12, 1988.
Constitution of the People’s Republic of China 1975 | Constitution of the People’s Republic of China 1978 | Constitution of the People’s Republic of China 1982 (amended through 2004) | 1988 Amendments |1993 Amendments | 1999 Amendments | 2004 Amendments | 2007 Resolution on Amendments| 2012 Revised Constitution | 2017 Resolution on Amending the Constitution
Article 1 In Article 11 of the Constitution is added a new paragraph, which reads, "The State permits the private sector of the economy to exist and develop within the limits prescribed by law. The private sector of the economy is a complement to the socialist public economy. The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the private sector of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the private sector of the economy."
Article 2 The fourth paragraph of Article 10 of the Constitution, which reads, "No organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or lease land or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means", is revised to read, "No organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means. The right to the use of land may be transferred according to law."
Two of the most experienced and insightful Chinese and American diplomats discuss the state of U.S.-China relations, the dangers of worsening ties, and the impact of U.S.-China relations on the wider world. The conversation will also explore possible avenues to improve ties and lessen international volatility.
Patrice Poujol looks at how blockchain technology changes the way films are financed, produced and distributed in China.
Longtime instructor Guang-Li (David) Zhang, a graduate of the Shanghai Art Academy teaches beginner and advanced students Chinese Calligraphy in mixed lecture and workshop classes.
