Drawing from palace-level reviews of homicide cases, this paper illuminates the manner in which truth was constructed by the judicial system of the Qing dynasty in cases involving homicide. Focusing on the collection and evaluation of evidence, followed by the assertion of offence and requisite punishment, the paper demonstrates how, out of multiple interpretations of fact, a particular truth was derived that reinforced not only a normative social order, but also a bureaucratically conditioned definition of justice that was often at variance with popular conceptions and the lived realities of those upon whom it was imposed.
Bradly W. Reed is the associate Professor of Department of History at University of Virginia.